Team develops portable device that creates 3D images of skin in 10
minutes

Date:
February 2, 2021
Source:
Nanyang Technological University
Summary:
A team has developed a portable device that produces high-resolution
3D images of human skin within 10 minutes.



FULL STORY ==========================================================================
A team from Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (NTU Singapore)
has developed a portable device that produces high-resolution 3D images
of human skin within 10 minutes.


==========================================================================
The team said the portable skin mapping (imaging) device could be used
to assess the severity of skin conditions, such as eczema and psoriasis.

3D skin mapping could be useful to clinicians, as most equipment used
to assess skin conditions only provide 2D images of the skin surface. As
the device also maps out the depth of the ridges and grooves of the skin
at up to 2mm, it could also help with monitoring wound healing.

The device presses a specially devised film onto the subject's skin to
obtain an imprint of up to 5 by 5 centimetres, which is then subjected
to an electric charge, generating a 3D image.

The researchers designed and 3D printed a prototype of their device using polylactic acid (PLA), a biodegradable bioplastic. The battery-operated
device which measures 7cm by 10cm weighs only 100 grams.

The made-in-NTU prototype is developed at a fraction of the cost of
devices with comparable technologies, such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) machines, which may cost thousands of dollars and weigh up to
30 kilogrammes.



========================================================================== Assistant Professor Grzegorz Lisak from NTU's School of Civil and
Environmental Engineering, who led the research, said: "Our non-invasive, simple and inexpensive device could be used to complement current methods
of diagnosing and treating skin diseases. In rural areas that do not
have ready access to healthcare, non-medically trained personnel can make
skin maps using the device and send them to physicians for assessment." Providing an independent comment on how the device may be useful to
clinicians, Dr Yew Yik Weng, a Consultant Dermatologist at the National
Skin Centre and an Assistant Professor at NTU's Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, said: "The technology is an interesting way to map the surface texture of human skin. It could be a useful method to map skin texture and wound healing in a 3D manner, which is especially important in research
and clinical trials. As the device is battery-operated and portable,
there is a lot of potential in its development into a tool for point
of care assessment in clinical settings." Asst Prof Dr Yew added: "The
device could be especially useful in studies involving wound healing, as
we are currently lacking a tool that maps the length and the depth of skin ridges. Currently, we rely on photographs or measurements in our trials
which could only provide a 2D assessment." First author of the study,
Mr Fu Xiaoxu, a PhD student from NTU's School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, said: "The 3D skin mapping device is simple to operate. On
top of that, a 1.5V dry battery is all that is necessary to run the
device. It is an example of a basic, yet very effective application
of electrochemistry, as no expensive electronic hardware is required." Published in the scientific journal Analytica Chimica Acta this month,
the technology was developed by Asst Prof Lisak, who is also Director
of Residues & Resource Reclamation Centre at the Nanyang Environment
and Water Research Institute (NEWRI) and his PhD student, Mr Fu Xiaoxu.



==========================================================================
The 'golden' solution to 3D skin mapping The key component of the NTU
device is a polymer called PEDOT:PSS , commonly used in solar panels
to convert light into electricity. However, the team found a different
use for its electrical conductivity -- to reproduce skin patterns on gold-coated film. Gold is used as it has excellent electrical conductivity
and flexibility.

To use the device, a person pushes a button to press the gold-coated
film onto the subject's skin to obtain an imprint. This causes sebum,
an oily substance produced by the skin, to be transferred onto the film, creating an imprint of the skin surface.

Next, the imprint of the skin is transferred to the portable device
where a set of electrodes is immersed in a solution. With another push
of a button, the device triggers a flow of electric charge, causing
PEDOT:PSS to be deposited on the surfaces of the gold-coated film in
areas that are not covered with sebum.

This results in a high-resolution 3D map of the skin, which reflects
the ridges and grooves of the subject's skin.

Using pig skin as a model, the researchers demonstrated that the
technology was able to map the pattern of various wounds such as
punctures, lacerations, abrasions, and incisions.

The team also showed that even the complex network of wrinkles on the
back of a human hand could be captured on the film. The thin film is
also flexible enough to map features on uneven skin areas, such as the
creases of an elbow and fingerprints.

Asst Prof Lisak added: "The device has also proven to be effective
in lifting fingerprints and gives a high-resolution 3D image of their characteristics." Commenting on the potential uses of the device, Asst
Prof Dr Yew added: "The device may aid in fingerprint identification,
which is commonly performed in forensic analysis. The device could offer a higher degree of accuracy when it comes to differentiating between similar prints, due to the 3D nature of its imagery." To further validate its efficacy, the team is exploring conducting clinical trials later this
year to test the feasibility of their device, as well as other potential therapeutic uses.


========================================================================== Story Source: Materials provided by
Nanyang_Technological_University. Note: Content may be edited for style
and length.


========================================================================== Journal Reference:
1. Xiaoxu Fu, Yi-Heng Cheong, Ashiq Ahamed, Chao Zhou, Chima Robert,
Vida
Krikstolaityte, Keith C. Gordon, Grzegorz Lisak. Diagnostics of
skin features through 3D skin mapping based on electro-controlled
deposition of conducting polymers onto metal-sebum modified surfaces
and their possible applications in skin treatment. Analytica
Chimica Acta, 2021; 1142: 84 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.10.056 ==========================================================================

Link to news story: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/02/210202101040.htm

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