Low fitness linked to higher psoriasis risk later in life

Date:
January 12, 2021
Source:
University of Gothenburg
Summary:
Scientists have now demonstrated a connection between inferior
physical fitness in young adults and elevated risk of the autoimmune
disease psoriasis. For the male recruits to compulsory military
training who were rated as the least fit, the risk of developing
psoriasis later was 35 percent higher than for the fittest.



FULL STORY ==========================================================================
In a major register-based study, scientists at University of Gothenburg, Sweden, have now demonstrated a connection between inferior physical
fitness in young adults and elevated risk of the autoimmune disease
psoriasis. For the male recruits to compulsory military training who
were rated as the least fit, the risk of developing psoriasis later was
35 percent higher than for the fittest.


==========================================================================
The study was based on data on more than 1.2 million men conscripted,
aged 18, into the Swedish Armed Forces between the years 1968 and
2005. During the enrollment process, all these young men underwent the
same fitness test on an exercise bicycle. The researchers divided the
data, according to how fit the men were, into three levels (low, medium,
and high fitness). They then merged the data with other registers,
using Sweden's National Patient Register to obtain diagnostic codes
for psoriasis and the joint disease psoriatic arthritis. The men who
had already received one of these diagnoses before conscription were
excluded from the study.

Later in life, between the ages of 37 and 51, just over 23,000 of the conscripts developed psoriasis or psoriatic arthritis. In the low-fitness group, 2.5 percent developed one or both of these diseases, while only
1.7 percent in the high-fitness group did so. In calculating this risk differential, the scientists adjusted for other risk factors, such as
body mass index (BMI).

Association not causal Thus, the less fit the men were when they were recruited, the higher the proportion of them who later fell ill with
psoriasis or psoriatic arthritis. In the low-fitness group, the risk
of developing psoriasis was 35 percent higher, and that of developing
psoriatic arthritis 44 percent higher, than in the high- fitness group.

"We show that there's an association between lower fitness and raised
risk of developing psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, but we don't
show a causal connection. So we can't say that these health conditions
can be prevented by exercising," says the study's first author Marta
Laskowski, a doctoral student in dermatology at the University of
Gothenburg and resident physician (specialist trainee) at Sahlgrenska University Hospital.



========================================================================== Group in need of monitoring The group of men who were least fit was also
the smallest: just under 48,000 or 3.9 percent of all the conscripts
in the study. This is a group that healthcare services should try to
monitor regularly.

"Low fitness was already known to boost the risk of incurring
cardiovascular disease, and psoriasis as such is linked to raised cardiovascular disease risk, too. The results from our study confirm
the reasons for assessing people's fitness early in life, to identify individuals at a higher risk for adverse health outcomes later in life," Laskowski says.

Previous research has indicated that, in general, people with psoriasis
are less fit than those without it who engage in an equal amount of
physical activity. However, the reasons for this difference have not
been fully clarified.

"One weakness of our study is that we weren't been able to monitor the
trends of the men's fitness during the intervening years, between their conscription and the disease onset. We're also lacking data on smoking,
which is a known risk factor for psoriasis," Laskowski explains.

Scaly skin patches Some 300,000 Swedes have psoriasis in a mild, moderate,
or severe form. It is a chronic, systemic inflammatory disease that
affects women as often as men. What triggers its onset is not entirely
clear, but heredity is known to play a large part in combination with
external factors. The most common type, plaque psoriasis, causes reddened, flaking, and itchy skin lesions ("plaques").

Psoriasis sufferers also often have other diseases. Some 30 percent get
the inflammatory joint condition known as psoriatic arthritis. Examples of other known comorbidities are obesity, cardiovascular disease, diabetes,
and depression.

In recent years, treatment options have substantially improved. Today,
besides ointments with local effects, there are drugs that have systemic effects.

Recent years have also seen the emergence of efficacious biological
agents that modulate the signaling cascade in the inflammatory process
that drives psoriasis.


========================================================================== Story Source: Materials provided by University_of_Gothenburg. Note:
Content may be edited for style and length.


========================================================================== Journal Reference:
1. Marta Laskowski, Linus Schio"ler, Helena Gustafsson, Ann-Marie
Wennberg,
Maria AAberg, Kjell Tore'n. Cardiorespiratory fitness in
late adolescence and long-term risk of psoriasis and psoriatic
arthritis among Swedish men. PLOS ONE, 2021; 16 (1): e0243348 DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0243348 ==========================================================================

Link to news story: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/01/210112110116.htm

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